FAQs

Most important FAQ for Urology & Men’s Health

📘 The Comprehensive Guide to Urology & Men’s Health

UTIs are among the most common reasons for clinical visits. Here is what you need to know:

What are they? An infection in any part of the urinary system (urethra, bladder, ureters, or kidneys), usually caused by external bacteria.
Why Women? Due to a shorter urethra and its proximity to the rectum. Other factors include pregnancy, dehydration, menopause (vaginal dryness), and excessive use of vaginal douches.
Not every “burn” is an infection! Burning during urination can be caused by irritation, stones, or pelvic floor tension. A urine culture is the only way to confirm a UTI.
Red Flags: Seek immediate help if you have a fever, flank (side) pain, or vomiting—this suggests the infection has reached the kidneys.
Prevention: Hydration, urinating after intercourse, and managing constipation are key.

Nocturnal Enuresis (Bedwetting): It is considered common and usually not a “disease.” It is often a functional delay in bladder-brain communication.
The Age Milestone: Doctors usually don’t start active treatment until the child is 6–7 years old.
The Constipation Connection: Chronic constipation is a leading cause of bladder issues in children because a full rectum presses against the bladder, preventing it from emptying properly.
Safety: Medications for bedwetting are very safe when used under specialist supervision.

Formation: Caused by low water intake, high salt, or excess animal protein.
Diagnosis: The Non-Contrast CT Scan is the “Gold Standard” for locating and measuring stones.
The 5mm Rule: Stones smaller than 5–6 mm often pass spontaneously with hydration and medical therapy.
ESWL vs. Surgery: While shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) is non-invasive, larger or harder stones may require laser endoscopy.

Condition	Description	Fact
BPH	Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (Enlargement).	It is not cancer and happens naturally with age.
PSA Test	A blood test for prostate health.	It helps in screening but does not diagnose cancer on its own.
Surgery	Modern Laser/Endoscopic options.	High success rates with minimal recovery time.

Erectile Dysfunction (ED): Often an “early warning sign” for heart disease or diabetes.
Penile Implants: A permanent surgical solution for severe ED with very high patient satisfaction rates.
Varicocele: Enlarged veins in the scrotum. Microscopic surgery is the most effective and safest treatment to improve fertility.
Semen Analysis: Requires 2–5 days of abstinence for an accurate result.

Premature Ejaculation (PE): The most common sexual complaint; treated through behavioral therapy and medication.
Peyronie’s Disease: A buildup of scar tissue that causes a curvature of the penis. Surgery is an option if it interferes with intercourse.
Retrograde Ejaculation: When semen enters the bladder instead of exiting the penis—common after certain prostate surgeries.

Prostate Cancer: Often slow-growing; management ranges from “active surveillance” to surgery or radiation.
Bladder Cancer: Strongly linked to smoking. The first sign is often painless blood in the urine.
Testicular Cancer: Most common in young men, but highly curable if caught early.
Kidney Cancer: Frequently discovered “by accident” during ultrasounds for other issues.

JJ Stent: A temporary tube to help urine flow. Never forget to have it removed, or it can calcify and cause severe complications.
Hematuria (Blood in Urine): Always requires a medical evaluation to rule out stones, infections, or tumors.
Overactive Bladder: Treated with bladder training, meds, or even Botox injections into the bladder wall.
Hydration: The single most important habit for preventing stones and infections.